The changes that have taken place in our society, since the time of independence.

Time brings with itself change. Man has changed everything on which he has laid hands. Over a period of time, our perceptions of our lifestyles change, and so does the way the future looks for each one of us. When I think of the future, it seems to me a mixed bag of fortunes, comparing it to the times when my parents were born.

Though the future seems like a mixed bag, there often seems to be more misfortunes than fortunes. Life is so fast paced that even children face academic and social ultimatums, which leaves them with little or no time for recreation. Most students loathe assessment tests, admission interviews, examinations, and progress cards. Peer pressure is an additional factor that causes potential winners to turn into introverts and under-performers. Considering the scenario a few years back, our parents, as children, would have had much more recreation and less peer pressure than what a child today would have.

Education is what moulds a person. Though the quality of education has improved tremendously, the distribution of genuine, meaningful education is highly uneven. Barring a few dedicated institutions, which aim at shaping young minds the right way, India today has many academicians who commercialize education. This phenomenon is prevalent in almost all states in India. In an age where religious leaders and politicians run universities, the wise and the capable turn towards ‘greener’ lands. What does a religious leader or a politician know about education? How can they assume the role of an academician with such matter-of-factness? They make the whole episode seem like cakewalk, which prompts more of their likes to emulate their actions. The truly qualified academicians now play professors and deans in universities abroad, simply because their merit is not recognized in their home country.

Civic sense is another important value that many people in India did and do not possess. This is and will continue to be a compelling factor that stunts national growth. Population explosion is often cited as a reason as to why people are ignorant about civic sense. I see civic sense as something that comes on its own, rather than being imparted by a responsible adult. It is a common sight to see the majority flout traffic rules, avoid paying tax to the government, bribe officials for personal obligations, and above all, condemn anyone who attempts to behave as a responsible citizen. Beginning from dumping waste on the streets, to turning a blind eye to blatant violations of the law, people in India have earned themselves the dubious distinction of being highly irresponsible and indifferent to their environment. A simple example that would suffice to highlight this point is the behavior when they board flights at an airport. A typical Indian would wait for his or her turn to board the aircraft when in Heathrow.

On the other hand, in an Indian airport, you will find the same person running towards the aircraft even before his or her seat number is announced. This difference in attitude arises due to the indifference of the airport officials. By assimilating similar examples, the logical conclusion that we arrive at is definitely not a healthy sign for the future. If one cannot adhere to such elementary rules, we cannot expect these people to become responsible engineers, lawyers, industrialists, politicians, and what not. Whether the present generation, comprising such restless individuals, can be entrusted with the responsibility of running a nation, is the question of the hour.

A few decades ago, the people did express an appreciable amount of trust in the government they empowered. On the contrary, any coalition government that comes to power today is only preoccupied in defaming the opposition parties and vice versa. Triggering of communal riots, misappropriate acquisition of wealth and sex scandals are not uncommon in a politician’s resume. In spite of all this, the people choose to empower the party, which promises a slew of benefits, which are mere castles in the air that will fetch a majority to the concerned party during elections.

Moral decadence is yet another weed that has crept into our society today, causing unimaginable havoc. India stands second both in overall population and in the number of people affected by AIDS. The fact that sex education is still considered a taboo in most Indian families sounds more ridiculous than amusing. Another truth that is unacceptable but gradually penetrating the Indian society is the disgusting practice of extra marital relationships. Though this practice is not widespread, it still poses a potential threat to the upper middle class which is caught somewhere between its western lifestyle and its traditional roots.

Moral decadence was not as widespread as it is today. Moral values and ethics were valued higher than what they are valued today. The practice of extra-marital affairs was uncommon, but not unheard of. People were more honest and less eager to cheat others.

These days, it has become a common practice for banks and chit fund companies to close their shutters and vacate. In this aspect, the future certainly does look frightening.

Amidst all these dangers, Pandora’s box has still some hope to offer. Over the last two decades, India has seen a tremendous improvement in overall employment. Indians have earned recognition in challenging fields such as the software industry. Over the recent years, the foreign exchange from the software industry has increased several folds, giving rise to better employment opportunities and fat salaries. Software services from Indian firms are getting more clients from abroad, which will eventually foster good business relations and elevate the privileges that these Indian firms enjoy all over the world presently.

Soon after independence, India was more or less a socialist economy. With practically no foreign investments at all, India was a land, which was not yet discovered. Unemployment and poverty loomed large over India. Food, clothing and shelter were scarce. The standard of living was unimaginably low and the majority of the population was into farming.

In the recent past, the economic scenario in India has seen a lot of change in terms of foreign investments. Companies like Chrysler, Volkswagen, GM, BMW, Mercedes, Nokia, Motorola, Hutchison and many others are tuning their heads towards the Indian market.

Apart from these foreign companies, the Indian economy is also being fuelled by the airline industry. In the past few years, India has witnessed the birth and growth of several new airline companies which have given more Indians ‘the power to fly’ by making air travel more comfortable and affordable. In the past two years alone, nearly five new airline companies have been launched. These ‘budget’ carriers are surely assets as they empower more people to travel by air.

The concept of Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) has proved to be a jackpot in terms of employment. This industry allows even arts and science graduates with sufficient communication skills, to earn a handsome pay packet. This has brought about many positive effects on the economy. This boom in employment is still a dream of sorts in many western nations and has made other nations green eyed with envy.

Another field where India is gaining leadership is medicine. Many Europeans and Americans are now turning towards Indian hospitals for treatment and surgeries. Some commendable milestones include advancements in cancer treatment and vision related surgeries.

Telecommunication services in India have improved tremendously, especially the mobile phone industry. Almost everybody owns a mobile phone these days. Earlier, the concept of wireless communication was mere science fiction. But today it has become an affordable reality. This allows people to remain more ‘connected’.

However, the future still remains a mixed bag. Making it better lies in the hands of every individual. The future does promise a more convenient lifestyle and better opportunities. Utilizing it effectively demands judicious planning and a conscious effort towards building a more responsible and prosperous society. Mere employment opportunities will not suffice for a secure future. Every citizen must realize his or her duties and consciously implement them. This is not something that can be achieved overnight, but if sincerely undertaken, it can and will help India scale new heights and brighten the future.

The World Factbook by CIA

CIA Factbook also known as The World Factbook is a yearly publication by the Central intelligence Agency of US which details about the countries of the world. It details on the demographics, geography, communications, government, economy, and military of the countries that are recognized by the United States of America.

The book is prepared for the US government officials and other US based agencies for reference.However the book is frequently used by Students for research purposes and some of the web sites

The official website

Touch Screen Technology...complete information

INTRODUCTION:

Touchscreens, touch screens, touch panels or touchscreen panels are display overlays which have the ability to display and receive information on the same screen. The effect of such overlays allows a display to be used as an input device, removing the keyboard and/or the mouse as the primary input device for interacting with the display's content. Such displays can be attached to computers or, as terminals, to networks.

Touch Screen Technology

1. There are a number of types of touch screen technology:

Resistive:

A resistive touch screen panel is coated with a thin metallic electrically conductive and resistive layer that causes a change in the electrical current which is registered as a touch event and sent to the controller for processing.

Some resistive panels can estimate the area (and hence the pressure) of a touch based on calculations from the resistances.

Resistive touch screen panels are generally more affordable but offer only 75% clarity (premium films and glass finishes allow transmissivity to approach 85% and the layer can be damaged by sharp objects. Resistive touch screen panels are not affected by outside elements such as dust or water and are the type most commonly used today.

Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW)

Surface Acoustic Wave technology uses ultrasonic waves that pass over the touch screen panel. When the panel is touched, a portion of the wave is absorbed. This change in the ultrasonic waves registers the position of the touch event and sends this information to the controller for processing. Surface wave touch screen panels can be damaged by outside elements. Contaminants on the surface can also interfere with the functionality of the touchscreen.

Capacitive

A capacitive touch screen panel is coated with a material, typically indium tin oxide that conducts a continuous electrical current across the sensor. The sensor therefore exhibits a precisely controlled field of stored electrons in both the horizontal and vertical axes - it achieves capacitance. The human body is also an electrical device which has stored electrons and therefore also exhibits capacitance. When the sensor's 'normal' capacitance field (its reference state) is altered by another capacitance field, i.e., someone's finger, electronic circuits located at each corner of the panel measure the resultant 'distortion' in the sine wave characteristics of the reference field and send the information about the event to the controller for mathematical processing. Capacitive sensors can either be touched with a bare finger or with a conductive device being held by a bare hand. Capacitive touch screens are not affected by outside elements and have high clarity, but their complex signal processing electronics increase their cost.

Infrared

An infrared touch screen panel employs one of two very different methodologies. One method used thermal induced changes of the surface resistance. This method was sometimes slow and required warm hands. Another method is an array of vertical and horizontal IR sensors that detected the interruption of a modulated light beam near the surface of the screen.IR touch screens have the most durable surfaces and are used in many military applications that require a touch panel display.

Optical Imaging

A relatively-modern development in touch screen technology, two or more image sensors are placed around the edges (usually the corners) of the screen. Infrared backlights are placed in the camera's field of view on the other sides of the screen. A touch shows up as a shadow and each pair of cameras can then be triangulated to locate the touch. This technology is growing in popularity, due to its scalability, versatility,and affordability, especially for larger units.

Dispersive Signal Technology

Introduced in 2002, this system uses sensors to detect the mechanical energy in the glass that occur due to a touch. Complex algorithms then interpret this information and provide the actual location of the touch. The technology claims to be unaffected by dust and other outside elements, including scratches. Since there is no need for additional elements on screen, it also claims to provide excellent optical clarity. Also, since mechanical vibrations are used to detect a touch event, any object can be used to generate these events, including fingers and styli.

Acoustic Pulse Recognition

This system uses more than two piezoelectric transducers located at some positions of the screen to turn the mechanical energy of a touch (vibration) into an electronic signal.This signal is then converted into an audio file, and then compared to preexisting audio profile for every position on the screen. This system works without a grid of wires running through the screen, the touch screen itself is actually pure glass, giving it the optics and durability of the glass out of which it is made. It works with scratches and dust on the screen, and accuracy is very good. It does not need a conductive object to activate it. It is a major advantage for larger displays

2. Touchscreens also have assisted in recent changes in the PDA and Cell-Phone Industries, making these devices more usable.

ViP Interactive Interactive overlay for LCD’s and rear projection screens

If you are looking to take advantage of the expanding market for through window and internal interactive touch screen solutions, Then the ViP Interactive foil has been designed for you. By applying our

touch-screen technology onto glass or acrylic, you can create an ideal platform for applying rear projection screens or mounting in front of LCD screens. With this product you can now sell into a whole new market sector and generate new revenue streams for your business

Product features

• No requirement to have any external wires or devices as all of the touch screen components are situated safely behind the glass

• Wide range of custom screen sizes available Sizes up to 100 inch 16:9 format

• Interactivity works even with a gloved hand

Permanent and removable fixing system available

Interactivity specification

Detection Method:	Projected Capacitance technology using horizontal vertical wires
Screen Sizes:	40”- 80” 4:3 40”-100”16:9 as standard, other sizes available on request
Fixing Options:	Removable and permanent options available
Position accuracy:	Approximately 3 mm absolute, 1 mm relative. No drift
Alignment:	Software drivers provide a calibration facility
Sensitivity:	Can be programmed for different thickness of glass and even use with gloved hands. Standard configuration functions with non-metallised. single construction glass 16mm thick. Double glazing option up to 25mm available*
Speed of response:	Depends upon glass thickness. Typically 50 to 100ms
Output:	RS232C communications to a 9 pin D female
Software Compatibility:	Drivers are available for Windows Operating Systems
Temperature range:	Better than -10 to +70°C
Humidity Controller:	0% to 95%. Unaffected by condensation
Light Transmission:	Depend upon glass thickness, typically better than 93%

Stick it and touch it
Interactive foil for through-window touch applications

Our lightweight touch foil can be applied directly to a window or a glass sheet and then a rear projection screen or LCD can be mounted behind the touch foil to create a through-window/glass touch experience.
The ViP Interactive foil can be mounted using either a permanent or a removable fixing method allowing the touch unit to be moved to another location if required.
The touch foil is ideal for upgrading existing through window rear projection or LCD displays to create a through window touch experience.
There are no external components required with the ViP Interactive foil so the installation is completely safe behind the window.

Product features

• Lightweight foil simple to apply to a window, glass, acrylic and rear projection screens and any other non-metallic material.

• No requirement to have any external wires or devices as all of the touch screen components are situated safely behind the glass.

• Interactivity works even with gloved hand.

• Not affected by external light conditions

• Wide range of screen sizes available up to 80 inch 4:3 or 100 inch 16:9 format

• Works with all existing multimedia applications PowerPoint, Macromedia flash, Web sites etc.

• Simple set-up

Holographic Screens

If you are looking for a large (up to 100" 2.54m diagonal) high quality display that will provide stunning images even in high ambient light conditions such as a shop window, then a holographic screen is your answer. Holographic screens come in two different formats: - Translucent glass construction that can be used as a window display or as a stand-alone presentation unit and translucent foils that can be directly attached to a shop window, effectively turning the window into a display device.

These screens are ideal for shop windows, car dealerships, travel agencies, museums, banks, airports, railway stations and any public place where high impact, high quality images are required.

THE ADVANTAGES OF A TOUCH SCREEN POS SOLUTION :

Touch screen technology has been around for a number of years. In the past POS applications built around Touch screen technology have been limited to hospitality terminals and as the preferred interface on retail kiosk terminals.

Use of touch screen technology on point of sale terminals has proven to be a valuable and cost effective tool in the hospitality industry reducing transaction times, operator errors and training time in an industry with a very high employee turnover rate. Until now the cost of touch screen monitors has prevented this technology from being adopted for use by chain retailers in non hospitality retail segments. This technology is no longer cost prohibitive allowing Retailers in segments to take advantage of the benefits of Touch screen technology.Justifying the Cost of Touch Screen Technology, In the past two years the cost of touch screen monitors has dropped dramatically. These cost reductions have now made it possible for retail chains to take advantage of touch screen technology in conventional retail point of sale applications.

Hardware Cost :

A touch screen monitor replaces the VGA monitor and eliminates the need for a costly

proprietary big-ticket POS keyboard. Today most retailers incorporate debit card support into their POS applications. Pin terminals with magnetic stripe readers have eliminated the need for a MSR included in the POS keyboard or as standalone device. Many POS touch screen applications, including SDI’s new IRIS Touch/POS application, incorporate a large customer price display area on the touch screen eliminating the need for a separate customer display.

The elimination of these costly proprietary POS peripherals and their related maintenance costs typically will offset the extra cost of a touch screen monitor.

Touch screen monitors are here to stay. POS applications designed around MS Windows that support this touch screen and new modern OPOS peripheral interfaces will operate on any industry standard PC hardware and can be ported from one platform to another with change to application software.

Soft Benefits of Touch Screen Technology :

Retail chains are experiencing ever increasing employee turnover rates. The cost of training cashiers and other retail employees continues to escalate and is a major concern to retailers.This is especially true in retail environments that must cater to complex transactions or interact with frequent shopper or other customer database information. As has been demonstrated, lookup facilities significantly reduce new employee training time and efficiency. The intuitive nature of a touch screen application makes it easier for cashiers to learn and increases the overall productivity of both inexperienced and experienced cashiers. A higher level of employee competence means reduced errors, higher throughput and bettercustomer service.These benefits translate into lower training costs, increased employee productivity and an increase in customer shopping satisfaction.

Application Flexibility :

Eliminating the inherent limitations related to development of POS applications that are dependant of\n function keys of a keyboard or custom device interfaces allows the POS application to be more flexible and more intuitive. The use of dynamic touch buttons eliminates the problem of developing around limited function keys and increases the POS developer’s flexibility. This translates into reduced development time and applications that are easier for cashiers to understand.

Applications built around proprietary peripherals like expanded POS keyboards cannot be changed or ported from one platform to another without change unless that platform supports the same proprietary peripherals. Supporting proprietary peripherals increases the application maintenance costs and as technology changes many proprietary peripherals become obsolete or unavailable. These costs are minimized with the use of touch screen technology.

Blu-ray and HD-DVD War is Over.. Both Lost!!

How to fit 1TB of data on one CD-sized disc

1000GB = 20 times the size of a dual-layer Blu-ray disc

Blu-ray and HD DVD have pushed the limits of optical storage further than anyone thought possible. But a new technology has emerged which makes Blu-ray's 50GB capacity look tiny. Mempile in Israel says it's able to fit an incredible 1TB of data onto one "TeraDisc" which is the same size as CDs and DVDs. That's 20 times the capacity of a maxed-out dual-layer Blu-ray disc.

The incredible capacity achieved using this new technology is made possible by employing 200 5GB layers, each one only five microns apart. The discs are completely transparent to the red lasers which are used in the associated recorder.

Prototypes have already been made to store up to 800GB of data, and Mempile says it will crack the 1TB barrier before moving on to build 5TB blue laser disks.

Dr Beth Erez, Mempile's Chief Marketing Officer says that the first 1TB disks have a lifespan of 50 years and could be on the shelves in two to three years.

"The TeraDisc is made of a material which is highly responsive to two-photon writing and reading. This allows us to write anywhere in that we can focus a red laser onto the disc, e.g. multiple layers," Dr. Erez told TFOT.info.

"However, many other properties of the material have to be optimised to allow this to work properly. Especially the written points and written layers have to remain transparent after writing, without which it would be very difficult for the reading process to see the 200th layer through 199 written, non-transparent layers.

"When a red laser is focused to a small spot inside the TeraDisc, we can choose if we probe the state of this material (reading, low power) or alter it (writing at higher power). This is very similar to the way a regular CDR works, except for the fact that this is now done in 3D," she said.

It's hard to imagine that a disc format not invented by one of the world's big technology firms could become a future industry standard. But it's perfectly conceivable that these discs might one day be used in libraries to archive digital copies of books and so forth.

On a 1TB disc, you could store:

·212 DVD-quality movies

·250,000 MP3 files

·1,000,000 large Word documents

BLUE RAY VS HD-DVD-A NEW GENERATION FORMAT WAR

CD and DVD as data storage and delivery media, lasted successfully for decades and seems to be alive and kicking .As we speak, a new format war has begun. This time over the future of in-home media. On one side is HD-DVD, a format created by Toshiba and NEC; on the other side is Blu-Ray, created by Sony, Matsushita, and Philips. In a few years, blue laser drives will take over the role of DVD drives. The problem is that there are two competing technologies that will use blue lasers: HD-DVD and Blu-ray. Only one technology will eventually become dominant in the data storage market

What are HD DVD and Blu-Ray Disc?

Today's DVDs can hold 4.7GB of information, but many want a higher-capacity successor to accommodate the larger data demands of high-quality video. HD DVD and Blu-ray both use blue lasers to read and write data. this is because blue has a shorter wavelength than the red used in DVD and CD lasers, information can be packed more densely on a disc and a single disc can hold more.

The potential capacity of Blu-Ray discs cannot be expressed in words. A single-layer disc can hold between 23 and 27 gigabytes of data, enough for four hours of high-definition video; a dual-layer disc can hold between 46 and 54GB, easily enough for eight full hours of high-definition programming. Furthermore, since the layers on a Blu-Ray disc are so thin, there is potential for multi-layer discs with up to eight layers holding upwards of 200GB.

HD-DVD discs, promise a single-layer capacity of 15 gigabytes, or over three times that of single-layer DVDs. This means that discs can have information more tightly packed on the disc, enabling far greater storage capacity on the same size disc. Dual-layer discs are capable of holding 30GB, and Toshiba has announced a prototype three-layer disc with a capacity of 45GB. These discs are capable of holding between two and five hours of high-definition video with audio track.

COMPARISON BETWEEN HD-DVD AND BLU-RAY DISC:

The picture quality on both versions is 100% identical. They're using the same compression codec. Probably the exact same files on both discs.

The sound is better on the HD-DVD. It comes with Dolby TruHD sound, which is completely uncompressed audio. The Blu-Ray version has standard Dolby Digital sound.Also, the HD-DVD (And most WB HD-DVD's these days) comes with the regular DVD version of the movie on the other side of the disc. The Blu-Ray version doesn't.

The main difference between the both is the differing track pitch of the Blu-ray disc makes its pickup apertures differ, however—0.65 for HD DVD vs. 0.85 for Blu-ray—thus also making the two pickups technically incompatible despite using lasers of the same type.

Why Blu-Ray will be more expensive initially Blu-ray discs can hold more data than HD-DVD because the track on which the data is written is tighter, requiring the data layer of the disc to be closer to the surface. The data layer on a Blu-ray disc is 0.1mm from the surface, compared with 0.6mm for HD-DVD and traditional DVDs. It is because of this difference in disc thickness that Blu-ray will initially be more expensive. HD-DVDs can be produced by the same facilities as traditional DVDs with very little modification. Blu-Ray, on the other hand, will initially require expensive retooling or replacement of these production facilities.

THE FORMAT WAR

The situation as it stands today is complicated. On one hand we have the HD-DVD format, which holds less data, but is cheaper to produce. On the other hand is Blu-Ray, with the potential for exponentially more capacity and durability, but with a significant manufacturer cost increase. Both players will offer features to ease the transition to HD, such as backwards-compatibility with standard CD and DVD media.

Well, as far as HD DVD vs. Blu-ray goes, it looks like we've pretty much passed the point of no return now; with each passing day it seems less and less likely that a compromise will be reached on a next-generation format.

SOLUTIONS:

1.Adopt HD-DVD. The initial costs of HD-DVD are lower than Blu-Ray since the technology is not radically different from current DVD technology.

2.Adpot Blu-Ray. The initial cost of Blu-Ray is higher than that of HD-DVD, but Blu-ray offers higher storage capacity and higher data-transfer rates. These properties make it more likely that Blu-ray will eventually be the prevailing standard for optical disc storage.

CONCLUSION:

No one knows what the outcome of this format war will be – it all depends on which format consumers can get more cheaply, more quickly, with more movies available for it. Blu-Ray is technologically superior, true,but it is not always true that technologically superior products always win.Hence it is the survival of the fittest,which ever product attracts people will survive.

Aliens – A Reality or Imagination

One thing that has left me perplexed is the concept of extra-terrestrial life.Extra-terrestrial life is life originating outside of the earth. Its existence remains theoretical; there is no evidence of extraterrestrial life that has been widely accepted by the scientific community. However, many scientists believe that if extraterrestrial life exists, its emergence occurred independently, in different places in the universe.

The enthusiasm toward the possibility of alien life continued well into the twentieth century. Indeed, roughly three centuries from the Scientific Revolution through the beginning of the modern era of solar system, probes were essentially the zenith for belief in extraterrestrials in the West. Many astronomers and other secular thinkers, at least some religious thinkers, and much of the general public were largely satisfied that aliens were a reality. This trend was finally tempered as actual probes visited potential alien abodes in the solar system.

Flying Saucers have been witnessed in the skies for a long time by many people in the past. The wide number of types of flying saucers seen is vast. However a pattern seems to have emerged in the types of crafts witnessed by people around the world. ” The heady days of flying saucers and close encounters with unearthly beings appear to be numbered” wrote Jonathan Margolis in Time Magazine in August 1992.

Several incidents of Alien encounters have been reported in the past. As described in The UFO Report 1992 and Alien Contact , five small, apparently alien creatures were observed by many witnesses in the Cabo Rojo area in the early hours of August 31,1990.One of these witnesses ,Miguel Figueroa, approached the beings, and he reported that they were grey, very thin, with large heads, pointed ears, a slit-like mouth, small nose, and large white almond-shaped eyes. As he drew closer in his car, Figueroa said that a blinding light emitted from the being’s eyes, forcing him to stop. They turned and continued walking down a road, then jumped over a small bridge and headed along a river bed towards the Laguna Cartagena, leaving three-toed foot-prints.

Another encounter near the Laguna Cartagena was reported by Eleuterio Acosta, a very serious eighty-year-old man who lives in the Olivares sector, just in front of the radar blimp facility. He says that he was once surrounded by five of these small grey creatures as he entered his home. He managed to confront them with a stick and yelled at them, at which point a sixth,taller creature of the same type communicated with the other five, and they all jumped out through a window and fled quickly, heading towards the Sierra Bermeja.

Also,unusual animal behavior was to be expected from alien encounters, as reported in sightings of UFOs.Dogs,cats,parrots and a rabbit showed signs of irrational behavior.The dogs displayed fear

and excitement, running around the house in a frenzy. Two of them would not go outside the next day,and one hid under the bed all night. Another dog did not react to the UFO or the noise, most probably because it was deaf. Three parrots got excited, fluffed their feathers and perked their ears. A rabbit sought shelter at the very rear of its pen. All the mammals recovered their normal behavior within a week.

Even in recent times, several alien encounters have been reported and extensive research is being carried out on it. The possible existence of primitive(microbial) life outside of Earth is much less controversial to mainstream scientists although at present no direct evidence of such life has been found .Indirect evidence has been offered for the current existence of primitive life on the planet Mars. However, the conclusions that should be drawn from such evidence remain in debate.

Generating a Framework for Aspect-Oriented Software using Dependency graph

Representations called dependence graphs are developed to represent aspect-oriented programs. This algorithm first constructs a module dependence graph (MDG) for each piece of advice, introduction, and method in aspects and classes. It then connects the MDGs at call sites to form a partial dependency graph. Finally, it weaves the MDG for each piece of advice into a final dependency graph for those methods whose behaviour may be affected by the advice.This results in a complete dependency graph. Our dependency graph capture the additional structure present in many aspect-oriented features such as join points, advice, introduction, aspects, and aspect inheritance, and various types of interactions between aspects and classes. They also correctly reflect the semantics of aspect-oriented concepts such as advice precedence, introduction scope, and aspect weaving. Dependency graph therefore provide a solid foundation for the further analysis of aspect-oriented programs.

Balayya...Balakrishna comedy Videos...check it out

Here are some of the collections of Greatest action hero of tollywood.

He pushes a train with a mantra...


Tom Cruise will surely die in shame after viewing this video


Action sequence by balayya saving a deer from tiger never before action in indian cinema


Nice Action ...

A New Type of Solar Cell

Scientists in Japan have made the first device that can convert solar energy into electricity and then store the resulting electric charge. The “photo-capacitor” designed by Tsutoma Miyasaka and Takuro Murakami at Toin University in Yokohama could be used to power mobile phones and other hand-held devices (Appl. Phys. Lett. 85 3932).
Conventional solar cells need a secondary device, such as a battery, to store the electrical power
generated from light. The photo-capacitor combines the photo-electric and storage functions in a single structure.

The Japanese device consists of two electrodes a light-aborting photo electrode made of semi
conducting titanium dioxide and a counter electrode made of platinum coated
glass separated by a resin film. Both electrodes include a porous layer of activated carbon that has a large surface area. All three layers filled with an ionic solution and form a capacitor that has a light collection area of 0.64 square centimeters.

Photoreceptor dye molecules collect on the surface of the titanium dioxide layer. When exposed to light, electrons from the dye molecules are transferred to the conducting band in the titanium dioxide layer, thus producing current. They then transfer to the activated carbon layer at the counter electrode via an external circuit.

Conversely, the positively charged holes left behind re-transferred to the carbon layer at the photo electrode.The accumulation of positive and negative charges at different carbon therefore allows the device to store energy or charge like a capacitor. The energy can be released by simply discharging the device. “The photo-capacitor is twice as efficient traditional silicon-based solar cells in utilizing weak light,”

Miyasaka told “Physics Web.” “This means that it can utilize indirect sunlight, for example on cloudy or rainy days, and even indoor light. Moreover, it can release electrical energy anytime, even in the dark.”

Miyasaka says that the next goal is to increase the charging voltage and the charge discharge capacity to a practically and industrially useful level for applications.

Dye-adsorbed titanium dioxide (10 microns thick) and activated carbon (150 to 200 microns thick) forms a hetero-junction with the interface (which is doped by an intermediated layer of a hole trapping compound lithium iodide). The layers are impregnated with ionic electrolyte solution.

Is India a science superpower?

"THE next century belongs to India, which will become a unique intellectual powerhouse... capturing all its glory which it had in millennia gone by," declared Dr. Raghunath Mashelkar,

Director General of India's Council of Scientific and Industrial Research in Science earlier this year. Thomas Friedman, The New York Times columnist and author of the recent bestseller The World is Flat, agrees that India, with its talented, yet low-cost brainpower, is on its way to becoming the "innovation hub" of the global economy.

Not to be outdone, the British weekly, New Scientist, has dubbed India the world's emerging "knowledge superpower".

Pakistani Intelligence ISI Had Links to Al Qaeda!!!

The pakistani intelligence ISI (Inter services Intelligence) had a close ties with al-Queda. Members of the terrorists group were trained in Afghanistan and made to fight in the disputed Kashmiri region in India, according to American souces.

They maintained an indirect relationship with the banned organization. The terrorists were named freedom fighters by ISI and Pakistan Govt. Since the attacks on the world trade center and Pentagon on Sept,2001. The Pakistan has turned against the al-Queda and Taliban govt in favor of the US.

Still, American officials said the depth of support within elements of the I.S.I. for a war on the Taliban and Al Qaeda remained uncertain. American officials now believe that the Pakistanis were finally starting to become alarmed in the last year or two by the extent to which the Taliban had been co-opted by Mr. bin Laden.

The Terrorists trained in Afghanistan were used against Indiain the ongoing dispute of Kashmir. They were infiltrated into India through the Pakistan controlled Kashmir

American officials now believe that the Pakistanis were finally starting to become alarmed in the last year or two by the extent to which the Taliban had been co-opted by Mr. bin Laden.

Osama bin Laden shot dead in India

Wild life authorities in Assam, India have killed a rogue elephant, who was so feared villagers named him after Osama bin Laden, wildlife officials said yesterday.

The public named him Osama Bin laden after he evaded two attempts to kill him. It was also blamed for the death of a woman near the thickly wooded evergreen jungle where it lives. This rogue Elephant is also blamed for 14 other deaths.

Conflicts between humans and elephants is a normal thing in recent years as the destruction of the elephants’ natural habitat has expanded, forcing them to come for food in human areas.

The North East Region in India is said to have about 6000 Elephants.In the past 5 years more than 200 people have been killed by the elephants and about 250 elephants were killed in return by the public